package Monitoring::Plugin::Getopt; # # Monitoring::Plugin::Getopt - OO perl module providing standardised argument # processing for nagios plugins # use 5.006; use strict; use warnings; use File::Basename; use Getopt::Long qw(:config no_ignore_case bundling); use Carp; use Params::Validate qw(:all); use base qw(Class::Accessor); use Monitoring::Plugin::Functions; use Monitoring::Plugin::Config; use vars qw($VERSION); $VERSION = $Monitoring::Plugin::Functions::VERSION; # Standard defaults my %DEFAULT = ( timeout => 15, verbose => 0, license => "This nagios plugin is free software, and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. It may be used, redistributed and/or modified under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence (see http://www.fsf.org/licensing/licenses/gpl.txt).", ); # Standard arguments my @ARGS = ({ spec => 'usage|?', help => "-?, --usage\n Print usage information", }, { spec => 'help|h', help => "-h, --help\n Print detailed help screen", }, { spec => 'version|V', help => "-V, --version\n Print version information", }, { spec => 'extra-opts:s@', help => "--extra-opts=[section][\@file]\n Read options from an ini file. See http://nagiosplugins.org/extra-opts\n for usage and examples.", }, { spec => 'timeout|t=i', help => "-t, --timeout=INTEGER\n Seconds before plugin times out (default: %s)", default => $DEFAULT{timeout}, }, { spec => 'verbose|v+', help => "-v, --verbose\n Show details for command-line debugging (can repeat up to 3 times)", default => $DEFAULT{verbose}, }, ); # Standard arguments we traditionally display last in the help output my %DEFER_ARGS = map { $_ => 1 } qw(timeout verbose); # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Private methods sub _die { my $self = shift; my ($msg) = @_; $msg .= "\n" unless substr($msg, -1) eq "\n"; Monitoring::Plugin::Functions::_plugin_exit(3, $msg); } # Return the given attribute, if set, including a final newline sub _attr { my $self = shift; my ($item, $extra) = @_; $extra = '' unless defined $extra; return '' unless $self->{_attr}->{$item}; $self->{_attr}->{$item} . "\n" . $extra; } # Turn argument spec into help-style output sub _spec_to_help { my ($self, $spec, $label) = @_; my ($opts, $type) = split /=/, $spec, 2; my (@short, @long); for (split /\|/, $opts) { if (length $_ == 1) { push @short, "-$_"; } else { push @long, "--$_"; } } my $help = join(', ', @short, @long); if ($type) { if ($label) { $help .= '=' . $label; } else { $help .= $type eq 'i' ? '=INTEGER' : '=STRING'; } } elsif ($label) { carp "Label specified, but there's no type in spec '$spec'"; } $help .= "\n "; return $help; } # Options output for plugin -h sub _options { my $self = shift; my @args = (); my @defer = (); for (@{$self->{_args}}) { if (exists $DEFER_ARGS{$_->{name}}) { push @defer, $_; } else { push @args, $_; } } my @options = (); for my $arg (@args, @defer) { my $help_array = ref $arg->{help} && ref $arg->{help} eq 'ARRAY' ? $arg->{help} : [ $arg->{help} ]; my $label_array = $arg->{label} && ref $arg->{label} && ref $arg->{label} eq 'ARRAY' ? $arg->{label} : [ $arg->{label} ]; my $help_string = ''; for (my $i = 0; $i <= $#$help_array; $i++) { my $help = $help_array->[$i]; # Add spec arguments to help if not already there if ($help =~ m/^\s*-/) { $help_string .= $help; } else { $help_string .= $self->_spec_to_help($arg->{spec}, $label_array->[$i]) . $help; $help_string .= "\n " if $i < $#$help_array; } } # Add help_string to @options if ($help_string =~ m/%s/) { my $default = defined $arg->{default} ? $arg->{default} : ''; # We only handle '%s' formats here, so escape everything else $help_string =~ s/%(?!s)/%%/g; push @options, sprintf($help_string, $default, $default, $default, $default); } else { push @options, $help_string; } } return ' ' . join("\n ", @options); } # Output for plugin -? (or missing/invalid args) sub _usage { my $self = shift; sprintf $self->_attr('usage'), $self->{_attr}->{plugin}; } # Output for plugin -V sub _revision { my $self = shift; my $revision = sprintf "%s %s", $self->{_attr}->{plugin}, $self->{_attr}->{version}; $revision .= sprintf " [%s]", $self->{_attr}->{url} if $self->{_attr}->{url}; $revision .= "\n"; $revision; } # Output for plugin -h sub _help { my $self = shift; my $help = ''; $help .= $self->_revision . "\n"; $help .= $self->_attr('license', "\n"); $help .= $self->_attr('blurb', "\n"); $help .= $self->_usage ? $self->_usage . "\n" : ''; $help .= $self->_options ? $self->_options . "\n" : ''; $help .= $self->_attr('extra', "\n"); return $help; } # Return a Getopt::Long-compatible option array from the current set of specs sub _process_specs_getopt_long { my $self = shift; my @opts = (); for my $arg (@{$self->{_args}}) { push @opts, $arg->{spec}; # Setup names and defaults my $spec = $arg->{spec}; # Use first arg as name (like Getopt::Long does) $spec =~ s/[=:].*$//; my $name = (split /\s*\|\s*/, $spec)[0]; $arg->{name} = $name; if (defined $self->{$name}) { $arg->{default} = $self->{$name}; } else { $self->{$name} = $arg->{default}; } } return @opts; } # Check for existence of required arguments sub _check_required_opts { my $self = shift; my @missing = (); for my $arg (@{$self->{_args}}) { if ($arg->{required} && ! defined $self->{$arg->{name}}) { push @missing, $arg->{name}; } } if (@missing) { $self->_die($self->_usage . "\n" . join("\n", map { sprintf "Missing argument: %s", $_ } @missing) . "\n"); } } # Process and handle any immediate options sub _process_opts { my $self = shift; # Print message and exit for usage, version, help $self->_die($self->_usage) if $self->{usage}; $self->_die($self->_revision) if $self->{version}; $self->_die($self->_help) if $self->{help}; } # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Default opts methods sub _load_config_section { my $self = shift; my ($section, $file, $flags) = @_; $section ||= $self->{_attr}->{plugin}; my $Config; eval { $Config = Monitoring::Plugin::Config->read($file); }; $self->_die($@) if ($@); #TODO: add test? # TODO: is this check sane? Does --extra-opts=foo require a [foo] section? ## Nevertheless, if we die as UNKNOWN here we should do the same on default ## file *added eval/_die above*. $file ||= $Config->mp_getfile(); $self->_die("Invalid section '$section' in config file '$file'") unless exists $Config->{$section}; return $Config->{$section}; } # Helper method to setup a hash of spec definitions for _cmdline sub _setup_spec_index { my $self = shift; return if defined $self->{_spec}; $self->{_spec} = { map { $_->{name} => $_->{spec} } @{$self->{_args}} }; } # Quote values that require it sub _cmdline_value { my $self = shift; local $_ = shift; if (m/\s/ && (m/^[^"']/ || m/[^"']$/)) { return qq("$_"); } elsif ($_ eq '') { return q(""); } else { return $_; } } # Helper method to format key/values in $hash in a quasi-commandline format sub _cmdline { my $self = shift; my ($hash) = @_; $hash ||= $self; $self->_setup_spec_index; my @args = (); for my $key (sort keys %$hash) { # Skip internal keys next if $key =~ m/^_/; # Skip defaults and internals next if exists $DEFAULT{$key} && $hash->{$key} eq $DEFAULT{$key}; next if grep { $key eq $_ } qw(help usage version extra-opts); next unless defined $hash->{$key}; # Render arg my $spec = $self->{_spec}->{$key} || ''; if ($spec =~ m/[=:].+$/) { # Arg takes value - may be a scalar or an arrayref for my $value (ref $hash->{$key} eq 'ARRAY' ? @{$hash->{$key}} : ( $hash->{$key} )) { $value = $self->_cmdline_value($value); if (length($key) > 1) { push @args, sprintf "--%s=%s", $key, $value; } else { push @args, "-$key", $value; } } } else { # Flag - render long or short based on option length push @args, (length($key) > 1 ? '--' : '-') . $key; } } return wantarray ? @args : join(' ', @args); } # Process and load extra-opts sections sub _process_extra_opts { my $self = shift; my ($args) = @_; my $extopts_list = $args->{'extra-opts'}; my @sargs = (); for my $extopts (@$extopts_list) { $extopts ||= $self->{_attr}->{plugin}; my $section = $extopts; my $file = ''; # Parse section@file if ($extopts =~ m/^([^@]*)@(.*?)\s*$/) { $section = $1; $file = $2; } # Load section args my $shash = $self->_load_config_section($section, $file); # Turn $shash into a series of commandline-like arguments push @sargs, $self->_cmdline($shash); } # Reset ARGV to extra-opts + original @ARGV = ( @sargs, @{$self->{_attr}->{argv}} ); printf "[extra-opts] %s %s\n", $self->{_attr}->{plugin}, join(' ', @ARGV) if $args->{verbose} && $args->{verbose} >= 3; } # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Public methods # Define plugin argument sub arg { my $self = shift; my %args; # Named args if ($_[0] =~ m/^(spec|help|required|default)$/ && scalar(@_) % 2 == 0) { %args = validate( @_, { spec => 1, help => 1, default => 0, required => 0, label => 0, }); } # Positional args else { my @args = validate_pos(@_, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0); %args = ( spec => $args[0], help => $args[1], default => $args[2], required => $args[3], label => $args[4], ); } # Add to private args arrayref push @{$self->{_args}}, \%args; } # Process the @ARGV array using the current _args list (possibly exiting) sub getopts { my $self = shift; # Collate spec arguments for Getopt::Long my @opt_array = $self->_process_specs_getopt_long; # Capture original @ARGV (for extra-opts games) $self->{_attr}->{argv} = [ @ARGV ]; # Call GetOptions using @opt_array my $args1 = {}; my $ok = GetOptions($args1, @opt_array); # Invalid options - give usage message and exit $self->_die($self->_usage) unless $ok; # Process extra-opts $self->_process_extra_opts($args1); # Call GetOptions again, this time including extra-opts $ok = GetOptions($self, @opt_array); # Invalid options - give usage message and exit $self->_die($self->_usage) unless $ok; # Process immediate options (possibly exiting) $self->_process_opts; # Required options (possibly exiting) $self->_check_required_opts; # Setup accessors for options $self->mk_ro_accessors(grep ! /^_/, keys %$self); # Setup default alarm handler for alarm($ng->timeout) in plugin $SIG{ALRM} = sub { my $plugin = uc $self->{_attr}->{plugin}; $plugin =~ s/^check_//; $self->_die( sprintf("%s UNKNOWN - plugin timed out (timeout %ss)", $plugin, $self->timeout)); }; } # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Constructor sub _init { my $self = shift; # Check params my $plugin = basename($ENV{PLUGIN_NAME} || $ENV{NAGIOS_PLUGIN} || $0); my %attr = validate( @_, { usage => 1, version => 0, url => 0, plugin => { default => $plugin }, blurb => 0, extra => 0, 'extra-opts' => 0, license => { default => $DEFAULT{license} }, timeout => { default => $DEFAULT{timeout} }, }); # Add attr to private _attr hash (except timeout) $self->{timeout} = delete $attr{timeout}; $self->{_attr} = { %attr }; # Chomp _attr values chomp foreach values %{$self->{_attr}}; # Setup initial args list $self->{_args} = [ @ARGS ]; $self } sub new { my $class = shift; my $self = bless {}, $class; $self->_init(@_); } # ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1; __END__ =head1 NAME Monitoring::Plugin::Getopt - OO perl module providing standardised argument processing for Nagios plugins =head1 SYNOPSIS use Monitoring::Plugin::Getopt; # Instantiate object (usage is mandatory) $ng = Monitoring::Plugin::Getopt->new( usage => "Usage: %s -H -w -c ", version => '0.1', url => 'http://www.openfusion.com.au/labs/nagios/', blurb => 'This plugin tests various stuff.', ); # Add argument - named parameters (spec and help are mandatory) $ng->arg( spec => 'critical|c=i', help => q(Exit with CRITICAL status if fewer than INTEGER foobars are free), required => 1, default => 10, ); # Add argument - positional parameters - arg spec, help text, # default value, required? (first two mandatory) $ng->arg( 'warning|w=i', q(Exit with WARNING status if fewer than INTEGER foobars are free), 5, 1); # Parse arguments and process standard ones (e.g. usage, help, version) $ng->getopts; # Access arguments using named accessors or or via the generic get() print $ng->opts->warning; print $ng->opts->get('critical'); =head1 DESCRIPTION Monitoring::Plugin::Getopt is an OO perl module providing standardised and simplified argument processing for Nagios plugins. It implements a number of standard arguments itself (--help, --version, --usage, --timeout, --verbose, and their short form counterparts), produces standardised nagios plugin help output, and allows additional arguments to be easily defined. =head2 CONSTRUCTOR # Instantiate object (usage is mandatory) $ng = Monitoring::Plugin::Getopt->new( usage => 'Usage: %s --hello', version => '0.01', ); The Monitoring::Plugin::Getopt constructor accepts the following named arguments: =over 4 =item usage (required) Short usage message used with --usage/-? and with missing required arguments, and included in the longer --help output. Can include a '%s' sprintf placeholder which will be replaced with the plugin name e.g. usage => qq(Usage: %s -H -p [-v]), might be displayed as: $ ./check_tcp_range --usage Usage: check_tcp_range -H -p [-v] =item version (required) Plugin version number, included in the --version/-V output, and in the longer --help output. e.g. $ ./check_tcp_range --version check_tcp_range 0.2 [http://www.openfusion.com.au/labs/nagios/] =item url URL for info about this plugin, included in the --version/-V output, and in the longer --help output (see preceding 'version' example). =item blurb Short plugin description, included in the longer --help output (see below for an example). =item license License text, included in the longer --help output (see below for an example). By default, this is set to the standard nagios plugins GPL license text: This nagios plugin is free software, and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. It may be used, redistributed and/or modified under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence (see http://www.fsf.org/licensing/licenses/gpl.txt). Provide your own to replace this text in the help output. =item extra Extra text to be appended at the end of the longer --help output. =item plugin Plugin name. This defaults to the basename of your plugin, which is usually correct, but you can set it explicitly if not. =item timeout Timeout period in seconds, overriding the standard timeout default (15 seconds). =back The full --help output has the following form: version string license string blurb usage string options list extra text The 'blurb' and 'extra text' sections are omitted if not supplied. For example: $ ./check_tcp_range -h check_tcp_range 0.2 [http://www.openfusion.com.au/labs/nagios/] This nagios plugin is free software, and comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. It may be used, redistributed and/or modified under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence (see http://www.fsf.org/licensing/licenses/gpl.txt). This plugin tests arbitrary ranges/sets of tcp ports for a host. Usage: check_tcp_range -H -p [-v] Options: -h, --help Print detailed help screen -V, --version Print version information -H, --hostname=ADDRESS Host name or IP address -p, --ports=STRING Port numbers to check. Format: comma-separated, colons for ranges, no spaces e.g. 8700:8705,8710:8715,8760 -t, --timeout=INTEGER Seconds before plugin times out (default: 15) -v, --verbose Show details for command-line debugging (can repeat up to 3 times) =head2 ARGUMENTS You can define arguments for your plugin using the arg() method, which supports both named and positional arguments. In both cases the C and C arguments are required, while the C