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| author | Karl DeBisschop <kdebisschop@users.sourceforge.net> | 2003-07-26 04:17:17 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Karl DeBisschop <kdebisschop@users.sourceforge.net> | 2003-07-26 04:17:17 +0000 |
| commit | 33a6787f51503d1b24f42e57cf365a48378dd56e (patch) | |
| tree | ed1f566f37269e6928ad733301b9529022f9c4cd /ABOUT-NLS | |
| parent | 35d8e3500946289de2638596bc0f93b044acc42c (diff) | |
| download | monitoring-plugins-33a6787f51503d1b24f42e57cf365a48378dd56e.tar.gz | |
checkins for internationalization
git-svn-id: https://nagiosplug.svn.sourceforge.net/svnroot/nagiosplug/nagiosplug/trunk@598 f882894a-f735-0410-b71e-b25c423dba1c
Diffstat (limited to 'ABOUT-NLS')
| -rw-r--r-- | ABOUT-NLS | 432 |
1 files changed, 432 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/ABOUT-NLS b/ABOUT-NLS new file mode 100644 index 00000000..57e4b676 --- /dev/null +++ b/ABOUT-NLS | |||
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| 1 | Notes on the Free Translation Project | ||
| 2 | ************************************* | ||
| 3 | |||
| 4 | Free software is going international! The Free Translation Project | ||
| 5 | is a way to get maintainers of free software, translators, and users all | ||
| 6 | together, so that will gradually become able to speak many languages. | ||
| 7 | A few packages already provide translations for their messages. | ||
| 8 | |||
| 9 | If you found this `ABOUT-NLS' file inside a distribution, you may | ||
| 10 | assume that the distributed package does use GNU `gettext' internally, | ||
| 11 | itself available at your nearest GNU archive site. But you do _not_ | ||
| 12 | need to install GNU `gettext' prior to configuring, installing or using | ||
| 13 | this package with messages translated. | ||
| 14 | |||
| 15 | Installers will find here some useful hints. These notes also | ||
| 16 | explain how users should proceed for getting the programs to use the | ||
| 17 | available translations. They tell how people wanting to contribute and | ||
| 18 | work at translations should contact the appropriate team. | ||
| 19 | |||
| 20 | When reporting bugs in the `intl/' directory or bugs which may be | ||
| 21 | related to internationalization, you should tell about the version of | ||
| 22 | `gettext' which is used. The information can be found in the | ||
| 23 | `intl/VERSION' file, in internationalized packages. | ||
| 24 | |||
| 25 | Quick configuration advice | ||
| 26 | ========================== | ||
| 27 | |||
| 28 | If you want to exploit the full power of internationalization, you | ||
| 29 | should configure it using | ||
| 30 | |||
| 31 | ./configure --with-included-gettext | ||
| 32 | |||
| 33 | to force usage of internationalizing routines provided within this | ||
| 34 | package, despite the existence of internationalizing capabilities in the | ||
| 35 | operating system where this package is being installed. So far, only | ||
| 36 | the `gettext' implementation in the GNU C library version 2 provides as | ||
| 37 | many features (such as locale alias, message inheritance, automatic | ||
| 38 | charset conversion or plural form handling) as the implementation here. | ||
| 39 | It is also not possible to offer this additional functionality on top | ||
| 40 | of a `catgets' implementation. Future versions of GNU `gettext' will | ||
| 41 | very likely convey even more functionality. So it might be a good idea | ||
| 42 | to change to GNU `gettext' as soon as possible. | ||
| 43 | |||
| 44 | So you need _not_ provide this option if you are using GNU libc 2 or | ||
| 45 | you have installed a recent copy of the GNU gettext package with the | ||
| 46 | included `libintl'. | ||
| 47 | |||
| 48 | INSTALL Matters | ||
| 49 | =============== | ||
| 50 | |||
| 51 | Some packages are "localizable" when properly installed; the | ||
| 52 | programs they contain can be made to speak your own native language. | ||
| 53 | Most such packages use GNU `gettext'. Other packages have their own | ||
| 54 | ways to internationalization, predating GNU `gettext'. | ||
| 55 | |||
| 56 | By default, this package will be installed to allow translation of | ||
| 57 | messages. It will automatically detect whether the system already | ||
| 58 | provides the GNU `gettext' functions. If not, the GNU `gettext' own | ||
| 59 | library will be used. This library is wholly contained within this | ||
| 60 | package, usually in the `intl/' subdirectory, so prior installation of | ||
| 61 | the GNU `gettext' package is _not_ required. Installers may use | ||
| 62 | special options at configuration time for changing the default | ||
| 63 | behaviour. The commands: | ||
| 64 | |||
| 65 | ./configure --with-included-gettext | ||
| 66 | ./configure --disable-nls | ||
| 67 | |||
| 68 | will respectively bypass any pre-existing `gettext' to use the | ||
| 69 | internationalizing routines provided within this package, or else, | ||
| 70 | _totally_ disable translation of messages. | ||
| 71 | |||
| 72 | When you already have GNU `gettext' installed on your system and run | ||
| 73 | configure without an option for your new package, `configure' will | ||
| 74 | probably detect the previously built and installed `libintl.a' file and | ||
| 75 | will decide to use this. This might be not what is desirable. You | ||
| 76 | should use the more recent version of the GNU `gettext' library. I.e. | ||
| 77 | if the file `intl/VERSION' shows that the library which comes with this | ||
| 78 | package is more recent, you should use | ||
| 79 | |||
| 80 | ./configure --with-included-gettext | ||
| 81 | |||
| 82 | to prevent auto-detection. | ||
| 83 | |||
| 84 | The configuration process will not test for the `catgets' function | ||
| 85 | and therefore it will not be used. The reason is that even an | ||
| 86 | emulation of `gettext' on top of `catgets' could not provide all the | ||
| 87 | extensions of the GNU `gettext' library. | ||
| 88 | |||
| 89 | Internationalized packages have usually many `po/LL.po' files, where | ||
| 90 | LL gives an ISO 639 two-letter code identifying the language. Unless | ||
| 91 | translations have been forbidden at `configure' time by using the | ||
| 92 | `--disable-nls' switch, all available translations are installed | ||
| 93 | together with the package. However, the environment variable `LINGUAS' | ||
| 94 | may be set, prior to configuration, to limit the installed set. | ||
| 95 | `LINGUAS' should then contain a space separated list of two-letter | ||
| 96 | codes, stating which languages are allowed. | ||
| 97 | |||
| 98 | Using This Package | ||
| 99 | ================== | ||
| 100 | |||
| 101 | As a user, if your language has been installed for this package, you | ||
| 102 | only have to set the `LANG' environment variable to the appropriate | ||
| 103 | `LL_CC' combination. Here `LL' is an ISO 639 two-letter language code, | ||
| 104 | and `CC' is an ISO 3166 two-letter country code. For example, let's | ||
| 105 | suppose that you speak German and live in Germany. At the shell | ||
| 106 | prompt, merely execute `setenv LANG de_DE' (in `csh'), | ||
| 107 | `export LANG; LANG=de_DE' (in `sh') or `export LANG=de_DE' (in `bash'). | ||
| 108 | This can be done from your `.login' or `.profile' file, once and for | ||
| 109 | all. | ||
| 110 | |||
| 111 | You might think that the country code specification is redundant. | ||
| 112 | But in fact, some languages have dialects in different countries. For | ||
| 113 | example, `de_AT' is used for Austria, and `pt_BR' for Brazil. The | ||
| 114 | country code serves to distinguish the dialects. | ||
| 115 | |||
| 116 | The locale naming convention of `LL_CC', with `LL' denoting the | ||
| 117 | language and `CC' denoting the country, is the one use on systems based | ||
| 118 | on GNU libc. On other systems, some variations of this scheme are | ||
| 119 | used, such as `LL' or `LL_CC.ENCODING'. You can get the list of | ||
| 120 | locales supported by your system for your country by running the command | ||
| 121 | `locale -a | grep '^LL''. | ||
| 122 | |||
| 123 | Not all programs have translations for all languages. By default, an | ||
| 124 | English message is shown in place of a nonexistent translation. If you | ||
| 125 | understand other languages, you can set up a priority list of languages. | ||
| 126 | This is done through a different environment variable, called | ||
| 127 | `LANGUAGE'. GNU `gettext' gives preference to `LANGUAGE' over `LANG' | ||
| 128 | for the purpose of message handling, but you still need to have `LANG' | ||
| 129 | set to the primary language; this is required by other parts of the | ||
| 130 | system libraries. For example, some Swedish users who would rather | ||
| 131 | read translations in German than English for when Swedish is not | ||
| 132 | available, set `LANGUAGE' to `sv:de' while leaving `LANG' to `sv_SE'. | ||
| 133 | |||
| 134 | In the `LANGUAGE' environment variable, but not in the `LANG' | ||
| 135 | environment variable, `LL_CC' combinations can be abbreviated as `LL' | ||
| 136 | to denote the language's main dialect. For example, `de' is equivalent | ||
| 137 | to `de_DE' (German as spoken in Germany), and `pt' to `pt_PT' | ||
| 138 | (Portuguese as spoken in Portugal) in this context. | ||
| 139 | |||
| 140 | Translating Teams | ||
| 141 | ================= | ||
| 142 | |||
| 143 | For the Free Translation Project to be a success, we need interested | ||
| 144 | people who like their own language and write it well, and who are also | ||
| 145 | able to synergize with other translators speaking the same language. | ||
| 146 | Each translation team has its own mailing list. The up-to-date list of | ||
| 147 | teams can be found at the Free Translation Project's homepage, | ||
| 148 | `http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/contrib/po/HTML/', in the "National teams" | ||
| 149 | area. | ||
| 150 | |||
| 151 | If you'd like to volunteer to _work_ at translating messages, you | ||
| 152 | should become a member of the translating team for your own language. | ||
| 153 | The subscribing address is _not_ the same as the list itself, it has | ||
| 154 | `-request' appended. For example, speakers of Swedish can send a | ||
| 155 | message to `sv-request@li.org', having this message body: | ||
| 156 | |||
| 157 | subscribe | ||
| 158 | |||
| 159 | Keep in mind that team members are expected to participate | ||
| 160 | _actively_ in translations, or at solving translational difficulties, | ||
| 161 | rather than merely lurking around. If your team does not exist yet and | ||
| 162 | you want to start one, or if you are unsure about what to do or how to | ||
| 163 | get started, please write to `translation@iro.umontreal.ca' to reach the | ||
| 164 | coordinator for all translator teams. | ||
| 165 | |||
| 166 | The English team is special. It works at improving and uniformizing | ||
| 167 | the terminology in use. Proven linguistic skill are praised more than | ||
| 168 | programming skill, here. | ||
| 169 | |||
| 170 | Available Packages | ||
| 171 | ================== | ||
| 172 | |||
| 173 | Languages are not equally supported in all packages. The following | ||
| 174 | matrix shows the current state of internationalization, as of July | ||
| 175 | 2002. The matrix shows, in regard of each package, for which languages | ||
| 176 | PO files have been submitted to translation coordination, with a | ||
| 177 | translation percentage of at least 50%. | ||
| 178 | |||
| 179 | Ready PO files be bg ca cs da de el en eo es et fi fr | ||
| 180 | +----------------------------------------+ | ||
| 181 | a2ps | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 182 | bash | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 183 | bfd | [] [] | | ||
| 184 | binutils | [] [] | | ||
| 185 | bison | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 186 | clisp | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 187 | clisp | | | ||
| 188 | clisplow | | | ||
| 189 | cpio | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 190 | darkstat | () | | ||
| 191 | diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 192 | enscript | [] [] | | ||
| 193 | error | [] [] [] | | ||
| 194 | fetchmail | [] () [] [] [] () | | ||
| 195 | fileutils | [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 196 | findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 197 | flex | [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 198 | gas | [] [] | | ||
| 199 | gawk | [] [] [] | | ||
| 200 | gcal | [] [] | | ||
| 201 | gcc | [] [] | | ||
| 202 | gettext | [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 203 | gnupg | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 204 | gprof | [] [] | | ||
| 205 | gpsdrive | () () () () () | | ||
| 206 | grep | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 207 | gretl | [] | | ||
| 208 | gthumb | () () () | | ||
| 209 | hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 210 | id-utils | [] [] [] | | ||
| 211 | indent | [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 212 | jpilot | () [] [] [] | | ||
| 213 | jwhois | [] [] | | ||
| 214 | kbd | [] [] [] | | ||
| 215 | ld | [] [] | | ||
| 216 | libc | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 217 | libiconv | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 218 | lifelines | () () | | ||
| 219 | lilypond | [] [] [] | | ||
| 220 | lingoteach | [] [] | | ||
| 221 | lingoteach_lessons| () () | | ||
| 222 | lynx | [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 223 | m4 | [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 224 | make | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 225 | man-db | [] () () [] () () | | ||
| 226 | mysecretdiary | [] [] [] | | ||
| 227 | nano | [] () [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 228 | nano_1_0 | [] () [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 229 | opcodes | [] [] [] | | ||
| 230 | parted | [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 231 | ptx | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 232 | python | | | ||
| 233 | recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 234 | sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 235 | sh-utils | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 236 | sharutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 237 | sketch | () [] () | | ||
| 238 | soundtracker | [] [] [] | | ||
| 239 | sp | [] | | ||
| 240 | tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 241 | texinfo | [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 242 | textutils | [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 243 | util-linux | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 244 | vorbis-tools | [] | | ||
| 245 | wastesedge | | | ||
| 246 | wdiff | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 247 | wget | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 248 | +----------------------------------------+ | ||
| 249 | be bg ca cs da de el en eo es et fi fr | ||
| 250 | 0 2 19 10 30 44 9 1 12 45 16 3 53 | ||
| 251 | |||
| 252 | gl he hr hu id it ja ko lv nb nl nn | ||
| 253 | +-------------------------------------+ | ||
| 254 | a2ps | () () [] | | ||
| 255 | bash | [] | | ||
| 256 | bfd | [] | | ||
| 257 | binutils | [] | | ||
| 258 | bison | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 259 | clisp | [] | | ||
| 260 | clisp | | | ||
| 261 | clisplow | | | ||
| 262 | cpio | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 263 | darkstat | () | | ||
| 264 | diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 265 | enscript | [] [] | | ||
| 266 | error | [] | | ||
| 267 | fetchmail | [] | | ||
| 268 | fileutils | [] [] [] | | ||
| 269 | findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 270 | flex | [] | | ||
| 271 | gas | | | ||
| 272 | gawk | [] | | ||
| 273 | gcal | | | ||
| 274 | gcc | [] | | ||
| 275 | gettext | [] [] | | ||
| 276 | gnupg | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 277 | gprof | | | ||
| 278 | gpsdrive | [] () () | | ||
| 279 | grep | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 280 | gretl | | | ||
| 281 | gthumb | () () | | ||
| 282 | hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 283 | id-utils | [] [] | | ||
| 284 | indent | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 285 | jpilot | () () | | ||
| 286 | jwhois | [] [] | | ||
| 287 | kbd | | | ||
| 288 | ld | | | ||
| 289 | libc | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 290 | libiconv | [] [] [] | | ||
| 291 | lifelines | | | ||
| 292 | lilypond | [] [] | | ||
| 293 | lingoteach | [] | | ||
| 294 | lingoteach_lessons| | | ||
| 295 | lynx | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 296 | m4 | [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 297 | make | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 298 | man-db | () () | | ||
| 299 | mysecretdiary | [] | | ||
| 300 | nano | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 301 | nano_1_0 | [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 302 | opcodes | [] [] | | ||
| 303 | parted | [] [] [] | | ||
| 304 | ptx | [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 305 | python | | | ||
| 306 | recode | [] [] [] | | ||
| 307 | sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 308 | sh-utils | [] [] [] | | ||
| 309 | sharutils | [] [] [] | | ||
| 310 | sketch | () | | ||
| 311 | soundtracker | [] [] | | ||
| 312 | sp | | | ||
| 313 | tar | [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 314 | texinfo | [] [] [] | | ||
| 315 | textutils | [] [] [] | | ||
| 316 | util-linux | () [] | | ||
| 317 | vorbis-tools | | | ||
| 318 | wastesedge | | | ||
| 319 | wdiff | [] [] [] | | ||
| 320 | wget | [] [] [] [] [] [] | | ||
| 321 | +-------------------------------------+ | ||
| 322 | gl he hr hu id it ja ko lv nb nl nn | ||
| 323 | 23 9 12 18 14 13 26 9 1 8 19 4 | ||
| 324 | |||
| 325 | no pl pt pt_BR ru sk sl sv tr uk zh_TW | ||
| 326 | +----------------------------------------+ | ||
| 327 | a2ps | () () () [] [] [] [] [] | 10 | ||
| 328 | bash | [] | 6 | ||
| 329 | bfd | [] [] | 5 | ||
| 330 | binutils | [] [] | 5 | ||
| 331 | bison | [] [] [] | 11 | ||
| 332 | clisp | | 5 | ||
| 333 | clisp | | 0 | ||
| 334 | clisplow | | 0 | ||
| 335 | cpio | [] [] [] [] | 12 | ||
| 336 | darkstat | [] () | 1 | ||
| 337 | diffutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 17 | ||
| 338 | enscript | [] [] [] [] | 8 | ||
| 339 | error | [] [] [] | 7 | ||
| 340 | fetchmail | () () [] | 6 | ||
| 341 | fileutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 13 | ||
| 342 | findutils | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 21 | ||
| 343 | flex | [] [] [] | 9 | ||
| 344 | gas | [] | 3 | ||
| 345 | gawk | [] [] | 6 | ||
| 346 | gcal | [] [] | 4 | ||
| 347 | gcc | [] | 4 | ||
| 348 | gettext | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 13 | ||
| 349 | gnupg | [] [] [] | 14 | ||
| 350 | gprof | [] [] | 4 | ||
| 351 | gpsdrive | [] [] () | 3 | ||
| 352 | grep | [] [] [] [] | 18 | ||
| 353 | gretl | | 1 | ||
| 354 | gthumb | () () [] | 1 | ||
| 355 | hello | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 28 | ||
| 356 | id-utils | [] [] [] [] | 9 | ||
| 357 | indent | [] [] [] [] [] | 14 | ||
| 358 | jpilot | () () [] | 4 | ||
| 359 | jwhois | [] () () [] [] | 7 | ||
| 360 | kbd | [] [] | 5 | ||
| 361 | ld | [] [] | 4 | ||
| 362 | libc | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 17 | ||
| 363 | libiconv | [] [] [] [] | 11 | ||
| 364 | lifelines | [] | 1 | ||
| 365 | lilypond | [] | 6 | ||
| 366 | lingoteach | [] [] | 5 | ||
| 367 | lingoteach_lessons| | 0 | ||
| 368 | lynx | [] [] [] [] | 13 | ||
| 369 | m4 | [] [] [] | 12 | ||
| 370 | make | [] [] [] [] | 14 | ||
| 371 | man-db | | 3 | ||
| 372 | mysecretdiary | [] [] [] | 7 | ||
| 373 | nano | [] [] [] [] | 15 | ||
| 374 | nano_1_0 | [] [] [] [] | 14 | ||
| 375 | opcodes | [] [] | 7 | ||
| 376 | parted | [] [] [] | 11 | ||
| 377 | ptx | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 19 | ||
| 378 | python | | 0 | ||
| 379 | recode | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 15 | ||
| 380 | sed | [] [] [] [] [] [] | 23 | ||
| 381 | sh-utils | [] | 8 | ||
| 382 | sharutils | [] [] [] [] | 13 | ||
| 383 | sketch | [] () [] | 4 | ||
| 384 | soundtracker | [] | 6 | ||
| 385 | sp | | 1 | ||
| 386 | tar | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 18 | ||
| 387 | texinfo | [] [] | 10 | ||
| 388 | textutils | [] [] [] [] [] | 13 | ||
| 389 | util-linux | [] [] [] | 10 | ||
| 390 | vorbis-tools | [] | 2 | ||
| 391 | wastesedge | | 0 | ||
| 392 | wdiff | [] [] [] [] [] | 14 | ||
| 393 | wget | [] [] [] [] [] [] [] [] | 24 | ||
| 394 | +----------------------------------------+ | ||
| 395 | 36 teams no pl pt pt_BR ru sk sl sv tr uk zh_TW | ||
| 396 | 67 domains 4 15 2 24 26 12 10 47 42 4 8 594 | ||
| 397 | |||
| 398 | Some counters in the preceding matrix are higher than the number of | ||
| 399 | visible blocks let us expect. This is because a few extra PO files are | ||
| 400 | used for implementing regional variants of languages, or language | ||
| 401 | dialects. | ||
| 402 | |||
| 403 | For a PO file in the matrix above to be effective, the package to | ||
| 404 | which it applies should also have been internationalized and | ||
| 405 | distributed as such by its maintainer. There might be an observable | ||
| 406 | lag between the mere existence a PO file and its wide availability in a | ||
| 407 | distribution. | ||
| 408 | |||
| 409 | If July 2002 seems to be old, you may fetch a more recent copy of | ||
| 410 | this `ABOUT-NLS' file on most GNU archive sites. The most up-to-date | ||
| 411 | matrix with full percentage details can be found at | ||
| 412 | `http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/contrib/po/HTML/matrix.html'. | ||
| 413 | |||
| 414 | Using `gettext' in new packages | ||
| 415 | =============================== | ||
| 416 | |||
| 417 | If you are writing a freely available program and want to | ||
| 418 | internationalize it you are welcome to use GNU `gettext' in your | ||
| 419 | package. Of course you have to respect the GNU Library General Public | ||
| 420 | License which covers the use of the GNU `gettext' library. This means | ||
| 421 | in particular that even non-free programs can use `libintl' as a shared | ||
| 422 | library, whereas only free software can use `libintl' as a static | ||
| 423 | library or use modified versions of `libintl'. | ||
| 424 | |||
| 425 | Once the sources are changed appropriately and the setup can handle | ||
| 426 | to use of `gettext' the only thing missing are the translations. The | ||
| 427 | Free Translation Project is also available for packages which are not | ||
| 428 | developed inside the GNU project. Therefore the information given above | ||
| 429 | applies also for every other Free Software Project. Contact | ||
| 430 | `translation@iro.umontreal.ca' to make the `.pot' files available to | ||
| 431 | the translation teams. | ||
| 432 | |||