diff options
Diffstat (limited to 'gl/verify.h')
| -rw-r--r-- | gl/verify.h | 140 |
1 files changed, 140 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/gl/verify.h b/gl/verify.h new file mode 100644 index 00000000..fac53f6f --- /dev/null +++ b/gl/verify.h | |||
| @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ | |||
| 1 | /* Compile-time assert-like macros. | ||
| 2 | |||
| 3 | Copyright (C) 2005, 2006 Free Software Foundation, Inc. | ||
| 4 | |||
| 5 | This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify | ||
| 6 | it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | ||
| 7 | the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or | ||
| 8 | (at your option) any later version. | ||
| 9 | |||
| 10 | This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, | ||
| 11 | but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | ||
| 12 | MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the | ||
| 13 | GNU General Public License for more details. | ||
| 14 | |||
| 15 | You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | ||
| 16 | along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */ | ||
| 17 | |||
| 18 | /* Written by Paul Eggert, Bruno Haible, and Jim Meyering. */ | ||
| 19 | |||
| 20 | #ifndef VERIFY_H | ||
| 21 | # define VERIFY_H 1 | ||
| 22 | |||
| 23 | /* Each of these macros verifies that its argument R is nonzero. To | ||
| 24 | be portable, R should be an integer constant expression. Unlike | ||
| 25 | assert (R), there is no run-time overhead. | ||
| 26 | |||
| 27 | There are two macros, since no single macro can be used in all | ||
| 28 | contexts in C. verify_true (R) is for scalar contexts, including | ||
| 29 | integer constant expression contexts. verify (R) is for declaration | ||
| 30 | contexts, e.g., the top level. | ||
| 31 | |||
| 32 | Symbols ending in "__" are private to this header. | ||
| 33 | |||
| 34 | The code below uses several ideas. | ||
| 35 | |||
| 36 | * The first step is ((R) ? 1 : -1). Given an expression R, of | ||
| 37 | integral or boolean or floating-point type, this yields an | ||
| 38 | expression of integral type, whose value is later verified to be | ||
| 39 | constant and nonnegative. | ||
| 40 | |||
| 41 | * Next this expression W is wrapped in a type | ||
| 42 | struct verify_type__ { unsigned int verify_error_if_negative_size__: W; }. | ||
| 43 | If W is negative, this yields a compile-time error. No compiler can | ||
| 44 | deal with a bit-field of negative size. | ||
| 45 | |||
| 46 | One might think that an array size check would have the same | ||
| 47 | effect, that is, that the type struct { unsigned int dummy[W]; } | ||
| 48 | would work as well. However, inside a function, some compilers | ||
| 49 | (such as C++ compilers and GNU C) allow local parameters and | ||
| 50 | variables inside array size expressions. With these compilers, | ||
| 51 | an array size check would not properly diagnose this misuse of | ||
| 52 | the verify macro: | ||
| 53 | |||
| 54 | void function (int n) { verify (n < 0); } | ||
| 55 | |||
| 56 | * For the verify macro, the struct verify_type__ will need to | ||
| 57 | somehow be embedded into a declaration. To be portable, this | ||
| 58 | declaration must declare an object, a constant, a function, or a | ||
| 59 | typedef name. If the declared entity uses the type directly, | ||
| 60 | such as in | ||
| 61 | |||
| 62 | struct dummy {...}; | ||
| 63 | typedef struct {...} dummy; | ||
| 64 | extern struct {...} *dummy; | ||
| 65 | extern void dummy (struct {...} *); | ||
| 66 | extern struct {...} *dummy (void); | ||
| 67 | |||
| 68 | two uses of the verify macro would yield colliding declarations | ||
| 69 | if the entity names are not disambiguated. A workaround is to | ||
| 70 | attach the current line number to the entity name: | ||
| 71 | |||
| 72 | #define GL_CONCAT0(x, y) x##y | ||
| 73 | #define GL_CONCAT(x, y) GL_CONCAT0 (x, y) | ||
| 74 | extern struct {...} * GL_CONCAT(dummy,__LINE__); | ||
| 75 | |||
| 76 | But this has the problem that two invocations of verify from | ||
| 77 | within the same macro would collide, since the __LINE__ value | ||
| 78 | would be the same for both invocations. | ||
| 79 | |||
| 80 | A solution is to use the sizeof operator. It yields a number, | ||
| 81 | getting rid of the identity of the type. Declarations like | ||
| 82 | |||
| 83 | extern int dummy [sizeof (struct {...})]; | ||
| 84 | extern void dummy (int [sizeof (struct {...})]); | ||
| 85 | extern int (*dummy (void)) [sizeof (struct {...})]; | ||
| 86 | |||
| 87 | can be repeated. | ||
| 88 | |||
| 89 | * Should the implementation use a named struct or an unnamed struct? | ||
| 90 | Which of the following alternatives can be used? | ||
| 91 | |||
| 92 | extern int dummy [sizeof (struct {...})]; | ||
| 93 | extern int dummy [sizeof (struct verify_type__ {...})]; | ||
| 94 | extern void dummy (int [sizeof (struct {...})]); | ||
| 95 | extern void dummy (int [sizeof (struct verify_type__ {...})]); | ||
| 96 | extern int (*dummy (void)) [sizeof (struct {...})]; | ||
| 97 | extern int (*dummy (void)) [sizeof (struct verify_type__ {...})]; | ||
| 98 | |||
| 99 | In the second and sixth case, the struct type is exported to the | ||
| 100 | outer scope; two such declarations therefore collide. GCC warns | ||
| 101 | about the first, third, and fourth cases. So the only remaining | ||
| 102 | possibility is the fifth case: | ||
| 103 | |||
| 104 | extern int (*dummy (void)) [sizeof (struct {...})]; | ||
| 105 | |||
| 106 | * This implementation exploits the fact that GCC does not warn about | ||
| 107 | the last declaration mentioned above. If a future version of GCC | ||
| 108 | introduces a warning for this, the problem could be worked around | ||
| 109 | by using code specialized to GCC, e.g.,: | ||
| 110 | |||
| 111 | #if 4 <= __GNUC__ | ||
| 112 | # define verify(R) \ | ||
| 113 | extern int (* verify_function__ (void)) \ | ||
| 114 | [__builtin_constant_p (R) && (R) ? 1 : -1] | ||
| 115 | #endif | ||
| 116 | |||
| 117 | * In C++, any struct definition inside sizeof is invalid. | ||
| 118 | Use a template type to work around the problem. */ | ||
| 119 | |||
| 120 | |||
| 121 | /* Verify requirement R at compile-time, as an integer constant expression. | ||
| 122 | Return 1. */ | ||
| 123 | |||
| 124 | # ifdef __cplusplus | ||
| 125 | template <int w> | ||
| 126 | struct verify_type__ { unsigned int verify_error_if_negative_size__: w; }; | ||
| 127 | # define verify_true(R) \ | ||
| 128 | (!!sizeof (verify_type__<(R) ? 1 : -1>)) | ||
| 129 | # else | ||
| 130 | # define verify_true(R) \ | ||
| 131 | (!!sizeof \ | ||
| 132 | (struct { unsigned int verify_error_if_negative_size__: (R) ? 1 : -1; })) | ||
| 133 | # endif | ||
| 134 | |||
| 135 | /* Verify requirement R at compile-time, as a declaration without a | ||
| 136 | trailing ';'. */ | ||
| 137 | |||
| 138 | # define verify(R) extern int (* verify_function__ (void)) [verify_true (R)] | ||
| 139 | |||
| 140 | #endif | ||
